Gases on IndustryNet

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Industrial gases are a group of gases specifically manufactured for the use in a wide range of industries: oil and gases, petrochemicals, power, mining, steelmaking, metal environmental protection, medicine, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, food, water, fertilizers, nuclear power and electronics.Industrial gases are considered part of the wider chemical industry.

Principal gases provided are:

• Nitrogen

• Oxygen

• Carbon dioxide

• Argon

• Hydrogen

• Helium

• Acetylene

The industry producing these gases is known as Industrial Gases Industry.

Most industrial gas is only sold to other industrial enterprises. Retail sales of gas cylinders and associated equipment to tradesmen are available through gas local agents, and will normally include products such as:

• Balloon helium

• Dispensing gases for beer kegs

• Welding gases and also welding equipments

• LPG

• Medical oxygen

A variety of hand-carried small gas containers which are called cylinder bottles, cartridges, capsules or canisters and are available to supply a variety of different gases.

Gas Production Technology:

• Air separation plants –these plants refine air in a separation process which allow the bulk production of nitrogen and argon in addition to oxygen. These three (3) are often also produced as cryogenic liquid. To achieve the required low distillation temperatures, an Air separation unit (ASU) uses a refrigeration cycle

• Other principle technology – steam reforming is a chemical process used to connect natural gas and steam into a syngas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide with carbon dioxide as a by product

Air separation and hydrogen reforming technologies are the cornerstone of the industrial gases industry.

In addition to the major gases produced by air separation and syngas reforming, the industry provides many other gases. Some of which are byproducts from other industries.

Examples are:

• Hydrogen chloride can be produced by burning hydrogen in chlorine

• Nitrous oxide is produced by thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate when gently heated

• Electrolysis is used in the production of fluorine

• Electrical corona discharge is used to produce ozone from air or oxygen

Gas Distribution Process:

Most materials that are gaseous at ambient temperatures and pressure are supplied as compressed gas.

• A gas compressor is used to compress the gas into storage pressure vessels through piping system

• Some gases are actually vapours that can be liquefied at ambient temperature under pressure alone, so they can also be supplied as a liquid in an appropriate container

• Exceptionally carbon dioxide is produced and supplied in a cold-solid form known as dry ice. The properties of carbon dioxide are such that it cannot be liquid at a pressure below its triple point of 5.1 bar

• Acetylene is supplied as a gas dissolved in acetone within a packing mass in a cylinder due to its instability and high explosive nature

Gas Delivery:

Major industrial gases are produced in bulk and delivered to customers by pipelines, but can also be packaged and transported in gas cylinders.

Large industries such as steelworks or oil refineries, may have a large gas production plant built nearby. This plant is typically referred to as on-site facility.

Alternatively, an industrial gas company may supply the plant and equipment to produce the gas rather than the gas itself.

Helpful Tips When Choosing A Gas Supplier:

• Look for a supplier with a dedicated team of professionals committed to twenty-four hours delivery and support

• A competent supplier will ensure tanks are constantly replenish to meet the needs of the production plant

• Supplier should also have a dedicated focus on technology development and innovation. Should be committed to customer by: adding value to the business, process development and impact to the bottom line

• Supplier should have experienced

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