HVAC on IndustryNet

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HVAC- (heating, ventilation and air conditioning is referred to as the technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort. It’s primary function is to provide thermal comfort.

The system design of HVAC is a sub-discipline of mechanical engineering and is based on the following principles:

• Thermodynamics

• Fluid mechanics

• Heat transfer

The V in HVAC – ventilating or ventilation, is the process of exchangingor replacing air in any space to provide high indoor air quality andinvolves:

• Temperature control

• Oxygen replenishment

• Removal of moisture

• Odors

• Smoke

• Heat

• Dust

• Airborne bacteria

• Carbon dioxide

HVAC is important in the design of medium to large industrial and officeBuildings such as:

• Skyscrapers

• Onboard vessels

• Marine environments such as aquariums where safe and healthy building conditions are regulated with respect to the temperature and humidity by the use of fresh air

The three central functions of heating, ventilation and air conditioning are interrelated with the main need to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality within reasonable installation operation and maintenance cost.HVAC systems can provide ventilation, reduce air infiltration and maintain pressure relationship between spaces.

The means of air delivery and removal from spaces is known as “room air distribution.”

Heaters- are appliances whose purpose is to generate heat (warmth) for a building. This can be done via central heating which is provided by either: boiler, furnace or heat pump.The heat can be transferred by: convection, conduction or radiation.

Ventilation – is the process of changing or replacing air in any space to control temperature or to remove any combination of moisture, odors, smoke, heat or dust.

Mechanical or forced ventilation is provided by an air handler and is used to control the indoor air quality.Prime examples of this are kitchens and bathrooms where typically, mechanically exhaust are installed to control odors and sometimes humidity.Main factors in the design are: flow rate, which is the function of the fan speed an exhaust vent size, along with noise level.

Air Conditioning – either part of the system or a stand alone, that Provides cooling and humidity control for all parts of the building. Air conditioned buildings normally have sealed windows as open windows would work against the system’s intended to maintain constant indoor air condition. The outside fresh air is drawn into the system by a vent into the indoor heat exchanger section therefore creating positive air pressure. The percentage of return air which is made up of fresh air can be manipulated by adjusting the opening of the vent.Through the removal of heat, air conditioning and refrigeration are provided. Heat is removed either through radiation , convection and conduction.

Refrigeration conduction can be any of the following:

• Water

• Air

• Ice

• Chemicals

They are referred too as refrigerants.

A refrigerant is employed either in a heat pump system, in which a compressor is used to drive thermodynamic refrigeration cycle or in a free cooling system, which uses pumps to circular a cool refrigerator.

Choosing a quality HVAC Contractor:

A good contractor is as important as the equipment choice, for installing a heating or air conditioning system.

Here are some helpful things to remember:

• Licensing - is the contractor licensed to do the work. It is important to consider only hiring a licensed contractor to complete this project.

• Determine how long they have been in business. What are their customers ratings and reviews history?

• Is the contractor willing to spend time answering questions and addressing any concerns voiced?

• Review the maintenance agreement to ensure that it includes a safety inspection and also guarantees the HVAC system is installed according to code.

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